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Creative Computers CD-ROM, Volume 1 (Legendary Design Technologies, Inc.)(1994).iso
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synthsounds.doc
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1994-11-17
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THE SYNTHETIC SOUND EDITOR
*==========================*
This is the editor, which is used to design simple pieces of waveforms and
to "program" the volume and pitch altering sequences. Synthetic sounds
don't take much memory (that's the main advantage of them). They can use
the whole 5-octave range. Although they are quite simple, they usually
sound quite "cool" (and remind me of the good old C-64).
Getting started
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
First load OctaMED, select the Instr-panel, click the Synth-gadget to
initialize a new synthsound. Then click the Synth-display selection gadget
to display the synthsound editor. Please turn editing off. You can play
the current sound with keyboard, like ordinary samples.
Waveform editing
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There are two waveform displays, the left one is the "master waveform
display" and the right one is for intermediate editing (it also serves as a
copy buffer). Between the waveform displays are some gadgets, that are
used for transferring waveforms between displays.
First there are two copy gadgets. If you press the left copy gadget, the
right waveform will be copied to the left one (and vice versa). Gadget "<-
EXCHANGE ->" exchanges the waveforms on the left and right. "<- MIX" mixes
the left waveform to the right waveform. It is a powerful tool that can be
needed quite often. "<-ADD" is similar to the mix, but it doesn't produce
any average between the wforms (= waveforms, from now on). The wforms are
simply added together. It's possible, that the waveforms exceed the upper
and lower limits (in that case, they are truncated). Two "<- EDIT"
"EDIT->" gadgets allow you to select either of the displayed wforms as a
current waveform, which is then used in some editing functions. Sometimes
they're automatically set (when you draw the wform with mouse, for
example). "UNDO" undoes your last editing operation. It can be quite
useful. "RANGE ALL" selects the current wform, so that any editing
operations affect the whole wform.
Freehand drawing
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A very simple way to create wforms is to draw them from scratch. This is
easily done. Just press the left mouse button and draw... There are two
drawing modes. The default is "pixel". The other is "line". This can be
used for drawing straight lines. There's also a mix-mode, that works in
both "line" and "pixel" -mode. It mixes the drawed pixels or lines with
the already existing data. Mode-selection gadgets are located below "RANGE
ALL".
Waveform length
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Each waveform in synthsound can be 2 - 128 bytes long (it must be even,
though). The shorter the waveform, the higher the pitch (it also depends
on the wform itself). Usually, to make the pitches compatible with other
instruments, you should use length 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 or 128. The length
can be changed with "LEN:" gadgets below the left wform, by typing in a new
value or by clicking the single-step gadgets.
Multiple waveforms
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Each synthsound can consist of more than one wform (the maximum is actually
64). On the left, below the left wform, there's a set of gadgets:
curr. wform #
|
0 < > / 00
|/ \|
next/prev number of the last waveform
The arrow gadgets select the next/previous waveform. As this is a operation
that is needed often, there are keyboard shortcuts:
Alt-cursor left = previous
Alt-cursor right = next
There are two Add gadgets that allow you to increase the number of waveforms.
"Last" adds a new waveform after the last wform.
"Here" inserts a new wform here, and shifts the others.
Del gadgets:
"Last" deletes the last wform.
"Here" deletes the current wform.
Preset waveforms
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There are some simple, often needed preset waveforms available at a single
click. First make sure, that the destination wform is the current wform
(selected with the EDIT <-/-> gadgets). Then just click the preset
waveform icon. The icons are located at the bottom of the editor.
The available waveforms are: sine, saw up/down, pulse, random and triangle.
The CLR-gadget clears the current wform.
The ALL-gadget clears the whole synthsound (so be careful..)
Range operations
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These are some basic operations, that are applied to the selected range
(highlighted white). You can select the range by dragging the mouse over
the wform with the right mouse button down. You can select the whole wform
by clicking "RANGE ALL". The Range start/Range end gadgets at the lower
right corner of the synthsound editor can be used to make small corrections
to the area.
When there's no range selected, there's a single horizontal white line.
This is the cursor. Some editing operations need it. The cursor position
can be set by clicking the right mouse button on the wform area. There are
also three narrow gadgets (on the left of the preset wform gadgets) for
positioning the cursor:
cursor to cursor to end
start | |
< + >
|
cursor to the middle (of the wform)
On the middle of the screen, there's a word "RNG", followed by a strip of
gadgets:
RNG Cut Copy Paste Clr Dbl Rev < >
Cut (works only on left wform). It "cuts" the selected area, which is then
moved to the right wform display.
Copy copies the selected range to the right wform, but doesn't cut it away.
Paste copies the contents of the right wform to the position pointed by
the cursor.
Clr clears the range.
Dbl "doubles" the range, making it play one octave higher.
Rev reverses the range.
< or > shift the ranged data to left or right.
There are two other editing operations: stretch and volume change.
Stretch allows you to stretch a point of the wform towards some other point
(understand?? no?? then try this:)
For example, select a sine wave. Then position the cursor on the middle of
the waveform (there's a gadget for this purpose, see above). Now activate
the "STRETCH:"-gadget (on the left lower corner of the synthsound ed).
Type in the amount of moving, e.g. 32. This should demonstrate it... If
the number you type in is negative, the point is stretched to left.
Volume change allows you to increase/decrease the volume of selected range:
First select a range. Then activate the "VOL.CHG:"-gadget. Now you must
enter the amount of volume change (in %'s). For example, to halve the
volume, you should type 50. If you want to double the volume, type 200.
The volume will be changed when you press Return.
Transformation
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This is quite a powerful feature. It allows you to change a waveform to
another smoothly (by creating the waveforms between them). Demonstration:
Allocate 9 new waveforms (click Add/Last 9 times). Now you have 10 wforms.
Move to wform 00, and select a pulse waveform, for example. Then click
Transform: Start to mark the beginning of transformation range. Move to
wform 09 (the last one). Put here a sine wform. Click Transform: Do, and
the magic is done. If you view the wforms 01 - 08, you'll notice that
there's now a smooth transition from the pulse wave to the sine wave.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
THE PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE
========================
Note: please read this section carefully before experimenting, because you
can lock up your machine with the synthsound programming language (as
with any other language)
The programming language is used for controlling the volume/pitch/vibrato/
waveforms/arpeggio/etc... of the synthsound. It consist of simple
keywords, of which some have an argument.
The programming is done using two lists of commands/numbers. These lists
are displayed through a small window below the right waveform display.
First there are line numbers in decimal and hex (two leftmost columns).
The middle column contains the volume sequence, while the rightmost is the
waveform/pitch sequence.
volume ctrl seq
|
line | waveform ctrl seq
| | |
00 00 40 00
01 01 END END
These